Hungarian Awards

    Hungarian Military Awards

    The Hungarian awards shown below were rendered only to Nationals with the exception of the Fire Cross and Bravery Order, which were awarded to Germans as well.

    Vitez Order Vitez Order

    The Order of Vitez

    The Hungarian "Vitezi Rend" (ORDER OF HEROES) award was created by orders of the Regent of Hungary Admiral Nicholas Horthy and instituted on 20 August 1920. This beautiful award also referred as the "Knightly Order of Bravery" shows the Hungarian coat-of-arms in full enamel color on a blue background. On the left is green oak leaves; on right, gold ears of corn.
    The reverse also has two wide flat prongs integral to the badge and a three digit serial number "455."

    This very high prestigious nobility award was given for military or civil distinction. It was the first public decoration after the restoration of the national government. The members of this organization that served in World War I received a large piece of land due to estate reform. They were taken up into the organization by being knighted and they use the titel vitéz before their names. This title is hereditary.

    The badge was worn on the left breast pocket. Recipient had the title "Vitez" (Knight), which could be passed on to his eldest son.
    By 1943, over 14,000 had been awarded.
    No person of Jewish faith could be a member of the order. However according to Dr. János Szentváry-Lukács some officers of jewish faith did in fact received the order. There was no term in the original document or any order for excluding jews.

    A small 22mm pin was worn in civilian clothing.
    It should be noted that the recipient of both awards was a German General as stated by the German dealer Detlev Niemann.
    However, according to Mr. Peter Czink of the Vancouver Chapter, World Federation of Hungarian Veterans, this badge as well as the Leadership Badge were only awarded to Hungarian Nationals

    Combat Leadership Badge

    Hungarian Leadership Badge

    The Hungarian Officer’s "Csapattiszti Jelveny" (Combat Leadership) award was instituted in early 1922.
    Dr. János Szentváry-Lukács stated that the Official Hungarian Gazette posted information with regulations on the award in 1922 and 1927. Also that photographs of the badge were illustrated in the Hungarian Gazette in 1928, 1935 and 1939.

    The Leadership Combat Badge was issued to those officers that served directly in the Front-Line with his troops. The recipient must have served in troop strength of a regiment size or below and had served in either of the following military branches: Infantry, Calvary, Artillery, Armor, Engineering and Regimental Command.

    The badge is surrounded with a green wreath and hills the rest is gilt. The center shows a hand holding a sword with the Hungarian Coat-of-arms in the background. The reverse shows two long wide flat metal prongs. Awarded for the completion of certain combat training courses and for sound leadership in battle..

    Hungarian Order of Merit

    Hungarian Meriy Cross Hungarian Meriy Cross

    Instituted in June 1922 as the Cross of Merit in three grades: bronze, silver and gilt. Eventually the Order was expanded as follows: Knight, Officer, Commander, Grand Commander, Grand Cross and Grand Cross with Holy Crown.

    The ribbon or sash for all classes was plain green. However, in 1939 the ribbon color change for combat personal to red with narrow white/green edges.

    Illustrated above is the Officer grade without swords.
    The cross has white enamel with gilt edges. In the center it has a gilt color double cross and hills on a red enamel background surrounded by a green laurel leaves.
    The reverse shows a bronze medallion center with a Latin motto "Si Deus pro nobis quis contra nos" (If God is with us who is against us) and the year the award was instituted "1922." It also has a catch, hinge and a long pin.
    For military combatants swords and green laurel leaves were added.
    The Officer's cross was worn on the left breast pocket of the tunic.

    Hungarian Bravery Award

    Hungarian Bravery Awards

    These medals, inherited from the Austria-Hungaria era, were originally instituted in 1922 in silver class only. The obverse shows the bust of the Regent, Admiral Miklos Horthy, the reverse the arms of Hungary with St. Stephen's crown above and crossed swords behind the shield.
    The reverse inscription reads "VITEZSEGERT."

    By 14 April 1939 (gold, large silver, small silver and bronze) awards were issued to non-commissioned officers and men.

    On 12 September 1942 the gold medal for bravery Officer's award was added. The Officer's large gold medal also had a small Hungarian crown, open laurel wreath and crossed swords attached to the ribbon.

    Hungarian Bravery Awards
    Above is a very nice rare Gold Bravery award from the collection of Mr. Charels.

    The Fire Cross

    Hungarian Fire Cross

    The Hungarians awarded a medal that look similar and had the same significance as the German War Merit Cross. This medal was referred as the "Fire Cross" and was instituted on the 24 November 1941 and was awarded to those who defended their homeland. No special merit was required.
    Interestingly it was also rendered to wounded personnel. There were three similar types of Fire Crosses that were awarded to service men, civilians and home defense personnel. For those mobilized for home defense received a plain cross medal and a circular center piece with the inscription "AHAZAERT" (For Fatherland).
    The difference in the medal for non-combatant was a circular laurel wreath surrounding the inscription. The medal illustrated is a combatant type, which has two swords crossing on opposite sides and the date "1942" listed below the cross. The plain backside shows the date "1941" inscribed in the center. The ribbon is the same for all three grades: white/green with right lateral stripes and green/red and white vertical edges.

    For the wounded a horizontal bronze metal bar was attached on the ribbon.

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